By Douglas Main | Our Amaying Planet

On April 11, a massive magnitude 8.6 earthquake shook the floor of the Indian Ocean off Sumatra. It wasn’t just unusual because of its size — the 10th largest quake in the last century — it also set off a series of quakes around the world for up to six days afterward, according to a study published today (Sept. 26) in the journal Nature.

“Until now, we seismologists have always said, ‘Don’t worry about distant earthquakes triggering local quakes,’” said Roland Burgmann, an earth and planetary scientist at UC Berkeley, in a statement. “This study now says that, while it is very rare — it may only happen every few decades — it is a real possibility if the right kind of earthquake happens.”

The study found that some quakes were triggered within a few hours, while in other places the seismic waves from the Sumatran quake primed temblors to happen for up to six days later. The findings should remind those living in seismically active areas that the risk from a large earthquake could persist, even on the opposite side of the globe, for more than a few hours, the study scientists said.

Another study also published today suggests that the quake marks the birth of a new tectonic plate beneath the Indian Ocean. The temblor was caused by plates slipping past each other, in what’s called a strike-slip earthquake. (California’s San Andrea fault is perhaps the most famous example of a strike-slip fault.)

“This was one of the weirdest earthquakes we have ever seen,” Burgmann said in the statement. “It was like the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, a strike-slip event, but it was huge — 15 times more energetic.”

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